This module provides support for Unix shell-style wildcards, which
are not the same as regular expressions (which are documented
in the re module). The special
characters used in shell-style wildcards are:
Pattern |
Meaning |
* |
matches everything |
? |
matches any single character |
[seq] |
matches any character in seq |
[!seq] |
matches any character not in seq |
Note that the filename separator ('/' on Unix) is not
special to this module. See module
glob for pathname expansion
(glob uses fnmatch() to match pathname
segments). Similarly, filenames starting with a period are
not special for this module, and are matched by the * and
? patterns.
fnmatch( |
filename, pattern) |
-
Test whether the filename string matches the pattern
string, returning true or false. If the operating system is
case-insensitive, then both parameters will be normalized to all
lower- or upper-case before the comparison is performed. If you
require a case-sensitive comparison regardless of whether that's
standard for your operating system, use fnmatchcase()
instead.
This example will print all file names in the current directory with the
extension .txt :
import fnmatch
import os
for file in os.listdir('.'):
if fnmatch.fnmatch(file, '*.txt'):
print file
fnmatchcase( |
filename, pattern) |
-
Test whether filename matches pattern, returning true or
false; the comparison is case-sensitive.
-
Return the subset of the list of names that match pattern.
It is the same as
[n for n in names if fnmatch(n, pattern)] , but
implemented more efficiently.
New in version 2.2.
-
Return the shell-style pattern converted to a regular
expression.
Example:
>>> import fnmatch, re
>>>
>>> regex = fnmatch.translate('*.txt')
>>> regex
'.*\\.txt$'
>>> reobj = re.compile(regex)
>>> print reobj.match('foobar.txt')
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x...>
See Also:
- Module glob:
- Unix shell-style path expansion.
Release 2.5.2, documentation updated on 21st February, 2008.
See About this document... for information on suggesting changes.
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